There have recently been some discussions on the ongoing role of L2s in the Ethereum ecosystem, especially in the face of two facts: * L2s' progress to stage 2 (and, secondarily, on interop) has been far slower and more difficult than originally expected * L1 itself is scaling, fees are very low, and gaslimits are projected to increase greatly in 2026 Both of these facts, for their own separate reasons, mean that the original vision of L2s and their role in Ethereum no longer makes sense, and we need a new path. First, let us recap the original vision. Ethereum needs to scale. The definition of "Ethereum scaling" is the existence of large quantities of block space that is backed by the full faith and credit of Ethereum - that is, block space where, if you do things (including with ETH) inside that block space, your activities are guaranteed to be valid, uncensored, unreverted, untouched, as long as Ethereum itself functions. If you create a 10000 TPS EVM where its connection to L1 is mediated by a multisig bridge, then you are not scaling Ethereum. This vision no longer makes sense. L1 does not need L2s to be "branded shards", because L1 is itself scaling. And L2s are not able or willing to satisfy the properties that a true "branded shard" would require. I've even seen at least one explicitly saying that they may never want to go beyond stage 1, not just for technical reasons around ZK-EVM safety, but also because their customers' regulatory needs require them to have ultimate control. This may be doing the right thing for your customers. But it should be obvious that if you are doing this, then you are not "scaling Ethereum" in the sense meant by the rollup-centric roadmap. But that's fine! it's fine because Ethereum itself is now scaling directly on L1, with large planned increases to its gas limit this year and the years ahead. We should stop thinking about L2s as literally being "branded shards" of Ethereum, with the social status and responsibilities that this entails. Instead, we can think of L2s as being a full spectrum, which includes both chains backed by the full faith and credit of Ethereum with various unique properties (eg. not just EVM), as well as a whole array of options at different levels of connection to Ethereum, that each person (or bot) is free to care about or not care about depending on their needs. What would I do today if I were an L2? * Identify a value add other than "scaling". Examples: (i) non-EVM specialized features/VMs around privacy, (ii) efficiency specialized around a particular application, (iii) truly extreme levels of scaling that even a greatly expanded L1 will not do, (iv) a totally different design for non-financial applications, eg. social, identity, AI, (v) ultra-low-latency and other sequencing properties, (vi) maybe built-in oracles or decentralized dispute resolution or other "non-computationally-verifiable" features * Be stage 1 at the minimum (otherwise you really are just a separate L1 with a bridge, and you should just call yourself that) if you're doing things with ETH or other ethereum-issued assets * Support maximum interoperability with Ethereum, though this will differ for each one (eg. what if you're not EVM, or even not financial?) From Ethereum's side, over the past few months I've become more convinced of the value of the native rollup precompile, particuarly once we have enshrined ZK-EVM proofs that we need anyway to scale L1. This is a precompile that verifies a ZK-EVM proof, and it's "part of Ethereum", so (i) it auto-upgrades along with Ethereum, and (ii) if the precompile has a bug, Ethereum will hard-fork to fix the bug. The native rollup precompile would make full, security-council-free, EVM verification accessible. We should spend much more time working out how to design it in such a way that if your L2 is "EVM plus other stuff", then the native rollup precompile would verify the EVM, and you only have to bring your own prover for the "other stuff" (eg. Stylus). This might involve a canonical way of exposing a lookup table between contract call inputs and outputs, and letting you provide your own values to the lookup table (that you would prove separately). This would make it easy to have safe, strong, trustless interoperability with Ethereum. It also enables synchronous composability (see: and ). And from there, it's each L2's choice exactly what they want to build. Don't just "extend L1", figure out something new to add. This of course means that some will add things that are trust-dependent, or backdoored, or otherwise insecure; this is unavoidable in a permissionless ecosystem where developers have freedom. Our job should make to make it clear to users what guarantees they have, and to build up the strongest Ethereum that we can.

Two years ago, I wrote this post on the possible areas that I see for ethereum + AI intersections: This is a topic that many people are excited about, but where I always worry that we think about the two from completely separate philosophical perspectives. I am reminded of Toly's recent tweet that I should "work on AGI". I appreciate the compliment, for him to think that I am capable of contributing to such a lofty thing. However, I get this feeling that the frame of "work on AGI" itself contains an error: it is fundamentally undifferentiated, and has the connotation of "do the thing that, if you don't do it, someone else will do anyway two months later; the main difference is that you get to be the one at the top" (though this may not have been Toly's intention). It would be like describing Ethereum as "working in finance" or "working on computing". To me, Ethereum, and my own view of how our civilization should do AGI, are precisely about choosing a positive direction rather than embracing undifferentiated acceleration of the arrow, and also I think it's actually important to integrate the crypto and AI perspectives. I want an AI future where: * We foster human freedom and empowerment (ie. we avoid both humans being relegated to retirement by AIs, and permanently stripped of power by human power structures that become impossible to surpass or escape) * The world does not blow up (both "classic" superintelligent AI doom, and more chaotic scenarios from various forms of offense outpacing defense, cf. the four defense quadrants from the d/acc posts) In the long term, this may involve crazy things like humans uploading or merging with AI, for those who want to be able to keep up with highly intelligent entities that can think a million times faster on silicon substrate. In the shorter term, it involves much more "ordinary" ideas, but still ideas that require deep rethinking compared to previous computing paradigms. So now, my updated view, which definitely focuses on that shorter term, and where Ethereum plays an important role but is only one piece of a bigger puzzle: # Building tooling to make more trustless and/or private interaction with AIs possible. This includes: * Local LLM tooling * ZK-payment for API calls (so you can call remote models without linking your identity from call to call) * Ongoing work into cryptographic ways to improve AI privacy * Client-side verification of cryptographic proofs, TEE attestations, and any other forms of server-side assurance Basically, the kinds of things we might also build for non-LLM compute (see eg. my ethereum privacy roadmap from a year ago ), but for LLM calls as the compute we are protecting. # Ethereum as an economic layer for AI-related interactions This includes: * API calls * Bots hiring bots * Security deposits, potentially eventually more complicated contraptions like onchain dispute resolution * ERC-8004, AI reputation ideas The goal here is to enable AIs to interact economically, which makes viable more decentralized AI architectures (as opposed to non-economic coordination between AIs that are all designed and run by one organization "in-house"). Economies not for the sake of economies, but to enable more decentralized authority. # Make the cypherpunk "mountain man" vision a reality Basically, take the vision that cypherpunk radicals have always dreamed of (don't trust; verify everything), that has been nonviable in reality because humans are never actually going to verify all the code ourselves. Now, we can finally make that vision happen, with LLMs doing the hard parts. This includes: * Interacting with ethereum apps without needing third party UIs * Having a local model propose transactions for you on its own * Having a local model verify transactions created by dapp UIs * Local smart contract auditing, and assistance interpreting the meaning of FV proofs provided by others * Verifying trust models of applications and protocols # Make much better markets and governance a reality Prediction and decision markets, decentralized governance, quadratic voting, combinatorial auctions, universal barter economy, and all kinds of constructions are all beautiful in theory, but have been greatly hampered in reality by one big constraint: limits to human attention and decision-making power. LLMs remove that limitation, and massively scale human judgement. Hence, we can revisit all of those ideas. These are all things that Ethereum can help to make a reality. They are also ideas that are in the d/acc spirit: enabling decentralized cooperation, and improving defense. We can revisit the best ideas from 2014, and add on top many more new and better ones, and with AI (and ZK) we have a whole new set of tools to make them come to life. We can describe the above as a 2x2 chart. There's a lot to build!

The full schedule for #Web3Festival# 2026 is here. Connect with @VitalikButerin, @heyibinance, @_RichardTeng, @LennixOKX, @justinsuntron, @calilyliu, @joechalom, and 200+ industry leaders from traditional finance, tech giants, and Web3 companies. 🗓️20–23 April |📍HKCEC 🎫 🎋Day 1: April 20 🌄Mainstage (Opening Ceremony) – Features distinguished representatives from Hong Kong SAR government and acclaimed professors from top-tier universities. 🌄Mainstage (TradFi x Crypto Finance: Convergence,) - Guest speakers from @binance, @HashKeyGroup, @okx, @Sharplink, @jpmorgan, etc. 🌬️Stage 1 dives into Web3 x AI: Value Reconstruction in the Intelligence Age. ☁️Stage 2 explores Tokenisation: Bridging the Real World with the Digital Economy. @AnvitaFlow ⛵️Open Stage - Institutional Convergence: From Compliance to Commerce. @boundless_xyz 🎋Day 2: April 21 🌄Mainstage (10:00-12:25, AI x Crypto: The Next Financial Infrastructure) - Features representatives from @SolanaFndn, @Mysten_Labs, @meet_48, @trondao, @alt_layer, etc. 🌄Mainstage (14:00-17:00, Get to the Bottom of RWA) - A deep dive into Real World Asset tokenization, featuring speakers from @BlackRock, @galaxyhq, @OndoFinance 🌬️Stage 1 (10:00-12:10): New Trends of Crypto-Equity Synergy @Solana_Company 🌬️Stage 1 (14:00-17:10): Smart Hardware: The Physical Interface and Extended Applications of Web3 @arkreen_network ☁️Stage 2 (10:00 -17:40): Stablecoins and Web3 Payment Revolution @RD_Technologies ⛵️Open Stage - @tcgzoneofficial, @K_Prop_Official, @happyplanetAI, @EcoSyncVenture, @DeltaCapitalHK 🎋Day 3: April 22 🌄Mainstage - Ethereum Applications Gathering @EthAppsGuild 🌬️Stage 1 - Web3.0 Standardization and Globalization Summit by W3SA-HK ☁️Stage 2 - HashKey Exchange Asia Connect Forum @HashKeyExchange ⛵️Open Stage - @DesunHK, @0G_labs 🎋Day 4: April 23 🌄Mainstage - Bitfire Day: Institutional Digital Wealth Management Summit 2026 @_BitfireGroup 🌬️Stage 1 - TON Day: AI Builders on Telegram Ecosystem by TON Foundation @ton_blockchain ☁️Stage 2 - Web3 Scholars Conference 2026 @DRK_Lab ⛵️Open Stage - HashKey On-Chain Finance Summit 2026 @HSKChain For more information, please visit:

Zama没什么交互角度 @zama 除了工会和个别生态项目可以手撸 要不就是嘴撸内容创造要不就是开发者 我估计最后又是会直接进行打新 手撸的做一下工会的任务就行了 链接： 另外提醒一下 $ZAMA 代币合约已经部署 0xA12CC123ba206d4031D1c7f6223D1C2Ec249f4f3 看来路线图第四季度发币大差不差 以下是嘴撸的内容 #ZamaCreatorProgram# Zama 协议的访问控制列表（ACL）功能👇 访问控制列表 (ACL) 是一种权限管理系统，旨在控制谁可以访问、计算或解密 fhevm 中的加密值。通过定义和强制执行这些权限，ACL 可确保加密数据在授权范围内安全可用 阅读完整：