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Arthur Hayes @CryptoHayes was born in Detroit, USA, in 1985. He later moved with his parents to Buffalo, New York, where he attended the Nichols School—a private preparatory school located in the city. In 2004, Hayes began his undergraduate studies at the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania. His notable alumni peers include @realDonaldTrump , @elonmusk,  @WarrenBuffett  and others. Subsequently, Justin Sun @justinsun enrolled in a master's program in Political Economy at the University of Pennsylvania, thereby fulfilling his aspiration to become an alumnus alongside the aforementioned figures. In 2008, following his graduation from the Wharton School, Hayes joined the trading division at Deutsche Bank (Hong Kong), marking the beginning of his career as a derivatives trading specialist. In 2011, Hayes moved to the derivatives trading division at Citi (Hong Kong). In 2014, Arthur Hayes co-founded BitMEX alongside Ben Delo and Samuel Reed, focusing primarily on the trading of crypto asset derivatives. Ben Peter Delo @bendelo   is a co-founder and co-owner of BitMEX. And during the relevant Period , he has been the Chief Operating Officer of BitMEX.  He is a U.K. citizen and graduated from Worcester College, Oxford University in 2005 with a degree in Mathematics and Computer Science. He has never been registered with the Commission in any capacity.  After graduating, Ben joined IBM as a software engineer. Later, he developed high-frequency trading systems for the hedge fund GSA Capital and JPMorgan Chase. Samuel Reed @STRML_ borned in1990， is a co-founder and co-owner of BitMEX, and describes himself as Chief Technology Officer of BitMEX.  He is a U.S. citizen and has resided in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and Boston, Massachusetts during the Relevant Period.  Samuel graduated from Washington & Lee University with a degree in Computer Science and was served as CTO of two technology companies: Tixelated and Global Brand Solutions of Hong Kong. During the Relevant Period, Reed has held his ownership interest in the BitMEX entities through a Wisconsin limited liability company that maintains bank accounts at banks in the United States, and owns property in the U.S. Reed has never been registered with the Commission in any capacity. Hayes, Delo, and Reed have shared responsibility for various aspects of the  BitMEX business. At a high level, Delo has been responsible for building and overseeing the BitMEX trading engine, Reed has been responsible for building and overseeing the BitMEX website, API and order entry system, and Hayes has been responsible for strategic decisions, business development, marketing, and management of the BitMEX enterprise.  @TheJusticeDept @CFTC  @USDOJ_Intl   @bitmex @BitMEX_Ethan @Crypto_slutz @r_polansky @sudhu_aru @BitMEX_sandisam @business @markets @BloombergAsia @Reuters @watcherguru @zachxbt @insiderwire @WhalePanda @Tintinx2021 @yq_acc @RichardPtardio @JamesWynnReal @muphasamc @huskyXBT @JSeyff @0xcryptosam @degeneratenews @crypto_condom

On October 1, 2020, one day before the U.S. Department of Justice and the Commodity Futures Trading Commission filed charges against BitMEX  and its four key executives, Samuel Reed, co-founder and CTO of BitMEX，was taken into custody in Massachusetts and would be presented before a federal court in Massachusetts. On April 6, 2021, Arthur Hayes landed at an airport in Honolulu, where he surrendered to federal agents on the tarmac. In August 2021, BitMEX itself reached a civil settlement with the Commodity Futures Trading Commission and the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network, agreeing to pay $100 million in civil penalties. According to individuals familiar with the matter, all defendants initially pleaded not guilty in the criminal proceedings. However, between February and March 2022, BitMEX’s three co-founders each changed their pleas and agreed to plead guilty. Arthur Hayes pleaded guilty in February 2022 to violating the Bank Secrecy Act and related AML requirements, and agreed to pay a $10 million criminal fine.  In May 2022, he was sentenced by the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York @SDNYnews to six months of home detention followed by two years of probation. The same court also ordered the other two BitMEX co-founders to each pay $10 million in penalties. Benjamin Delo was sentenced to 30 months of probation without home detention, while Samuel Reed received 18 months of probation. In late 2021, Gregory Dwyer agreed to be extradited from Bermuda to the United States. On August 9, 2022, the U.S. Department of Justice announced that Gregory Dwyer, BitMEX’s Head of Business Development, had also pleaded guilty in the criminal case. He admitted to violating the Bank Secrecy Act by willfully failing to establish, implement, and maintain an AML program at BitMEX. Under the terms of his plea agreement, he agreed to pay a separate $150,000 criminal fine. Dwyer was subsequently sentenced to one year of probation. In total, BitMEX-related penalties amounted to approximately $130 million. Following the enforcement actions by U.S. authorities, both Arthur Hayes and BitMEX suffered significant reputational and operational setbacks. In the years that followed, Hayes increasingly repositioned himself as a high-profile commentator in the crypto space, frequently promoting speculative projects and leveraging his industry influence and social media presence to attract retail investors. @TheJusticeDept @CFTC  @USDOJ_Intl   @bitmex @CryptoHayes  @bendelo  @STRML_ @BitMEX_Ethan @Crypto_slutz @r_polansky @sudhu_aru @BitMEX_sandisam @business @markets @BloombergAsia @Reuters @watcherguru @zachxbt @insiderwire  @WhalePanda @Tintinx2021 @yq_acc @RichardPtardio @JamesWynnReal @muphasamc @huskyXBT @JSeyff @0xcryptosam @degeneratenews @crypto_condom

1 HDR Global Trading Limited was incorporated in the Seychelles in 2014.6.23 as a Seychelles International Business Company.  Throughout the Relevant Period, HDR has owned and operated the BitMEX trading platform. Despite being incorporated in the Seychelles, HDR does not have, and never has had, any operations or employees in the Seychelles. HDR operates, or has operated during the Relevant Period, out of various locations and offices throughout the world, including in New York, San Francisco, Milwaukee, Hong Kong, Singapore, and Bermuda.  “HDR” derives from the first letter of the last names of Hayes, Delo, and Reed, who are the three primary ultimate owners of HDR and its various subsidiaries, each holding  approximately a one-third ownership interest in HDR.  2 @100xGroup 100x Holdings Limited is a holding company  incorporated by Hayes,  Delo, and Reed in Bermuda.  In a July 15, 2020, blog post on the BitMEX website, Hayes “introduced” 100x and represented that “100x will become the new holding structure for HDR Global Trading and all our other assets, including the BitMEX platform.”  3 ABS Global Trading Limited is a Delaware limited liability company incorporated in 2017.4.27 through which BitMEX conducts some operations in the United States.  It is a subsidiary of HDR and 100x, and it is ultimately owned and controlled by Hayes, Delo, and Reed.  “ABS” derives from the first letters of the first names of Hayes, Delo, and Reed: Arthur,  Ben and Sam.  4 Shine Effort Inc Limited is a Hong Kong corporation incorporated in 2014.8.26, and  a subsidiary of HDR and 100x.  Shine is the corporate entity through which BitMEX conducts proprietary trading on its own BitMEX platform, as well as proprietary trading with other market participants on exchanges and over the counter throughout the world.  Shine is controlled by Hayes, Delo, and Reed.  5 HDR Global Services (Bermuda) Limited is a Bermudian entity incorporated in  2018 that employs certain personnel performing duties for BitMEX.  HDR, 100x, ABS, Shine, and HDR Services act as a single, integrated common enterprise. They share common office space, employees and operational resources. They advertise on a single website that does not distinguish between entities. They share common directors. They share common ownership. They share common legal and compliance resources.  They share operating expenses, and report financial activities in consolidated financial statements. BitMEX employees and executives refer to a BitMEX enterprise as opposed to distinguishing between legal entities. Employees of the various entities have “https://t.co/3t0irkeNft”  email addresses. These entities operate as an integrated, common enterprise, and are described together in this complaint as “BitMEX.” @TheJusticeDept @CFTC  @USDOJ_Intl   @bitmex @CryptoHayes  @bendelo  @STRML_ @BitMEX_Ethan @Crypto_slutz @r_polansky @business @markets @BloombergAsia @Reuters