Math and paper size
A4 is half the size of A3, one-fourth of A2, and one-sixteenth of A0. The A0 sheet has an area of exactly 1 square meter (though it isn’t a square).
All A-series paper sizes share the same aspect ratio, where the ratio of length to width is √2. This unique property allows each size to be scaled up or down without changing its proportions or causing distortion.