Vegas Loop isn’t just tunnels! In Vegas, besides 14 tunnels, TBC has built 14 stations (28 by end of year), 12 emergency egresses, 6 cross-passages, and 9 "knockout shafts".
See below for the construction of a cross-passage connecting "Tunnel-1" and "Tunnel-2" (beneath Paradise Road) to provide access and egress; construction time is ~10 days.
Steps:
1. If necessary, treat the ground (typically with grout) between the two tunnels such that it is stable during excavation.
2. Brace the Tunnel-1 wall with a steel frame and open up the concrete Tunnel-1 wall within said frame.
3. Excavate the dirt between the tunnels, installing steel ribs and wood lagging to maintain a safe roof until Tunnel-2 is exposed. This is a slow process of 10 feet per day.
4. Install waterproofing and rebar, the latter which anchors into both Tunnels 1 and 2 (see pic)
5. Install solid steel liner plate (see pic)
6. Pour high-strength concrete around the liner plate, reinforced with the rebar from Step 4
7. Open up Tunnel-2, finalizing the connection
Finally, the cross-passage is built out with a walking surface, ventilation, fire suppression valves, fire-rated doors, safety equipment/sensors, lighting, and cameras.
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Vegas Loop isn’t just tunnels! It is also stations, merge/exit ramps, cross-passages, ventilation chambers, and emergency egress shafts.
See pics for the construction of an egress shaft; construction time is ~8 days. Steps:
1. Excavate down to expose the tunnel exterior
2. Install waterproofing, conduit, and rebar, followed by pouring a concrete base slab adjacent to the tunnel
3. Add steel-reinforced concrete walls and backfill the perimeter
4. Pour a concrete roof (leaving an opening for egress) and pave over the structure with asphalt; final surface impact is ~120 square feet
Once the structure is complete, a doorway is cut into the tunnel to connect the tunnel to the shaft. Finally, the shaft is built out with stairs, ventilation, standpipe, safety equipment/sensors, access hatch, lighting, and cameras.
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