TrendForce: System-level testing and validation issues persist on the Rubin platform, with volumes expected to ramp gradually from 4Q26 or 1Q27. DRAM Suppliers’ early-stage discussions on 4Q26 contract pricing point to meaningful price increases, suggesting strengthening demand momentum, particularly from US CSPs. NAND (Enterprise SSDs) The DRAM shortage is constraining some NAND suppliers’ ability to support enterprise SSD solutions. As a result, enterprise SSDs are expected to remain undersupplied through 2026. HDD Even though Toshiba announced a new production line expansion, it will take at least 12 to 24 months to come online. Lead times are therefore unlikely to improve before late 2027 at the earliest. ABF Substrates ABF substrate capacity is not coming online fast enough to keep up with the sharp rise in demand. The supply-demand gap is unlikely to close in the near term, so the market should stay tight. ABF substrate prices are expected to rise 10–15% QoQ starting in 3Q26 and continuing through 4Q27. MLCC Demand for low-end consumer-grade MLCCs is slowing, while high-end 0805 standard parts for AI applications are in short supply, extending the polarization in market demand.