EU Candidate Countries' Progress Toward Membership (Chapters Opened / Closed)
🇲🇪 Montenegro: 33 opened, 18 closed
🇦🇱 Albania: 33 opened, 3 closed
🇷🇸 Serbia: 22 opened, 2 closed
🇹🇷 Turkey: 16 opened, 1 closed
🇲🇩 Moldova: 7 opened, 0 closed
🇺🇦 Ukraine: 7 opened, 0 closed
🇧🇦 Bosnia and Herzegovina: 0 opened, 0 closed
🇬🇪 Georgia: 0 opened, 0 closed
🇲🇰 North Macedonia: 0 opened, 0 closed
In the EU accession process, "chapters" refer to specific policy areas that candidate countries must align with EU laws and standards. Montenegro is furthest ahead in progress toward membership, having provisionally closed 18 of 33 chapters.
Source: European Commission, via RFE/RL. Updated July 14, 2026.