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The Iran Watcher
@TheIranWatcher
Iran & Persian Gulf | Politics, Geopolitics, Military & Proxies 🇮🇷
가입 November 2009
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🚨 Saudi Arabia is being attacked with ballistic missiles, losing ground in Yemen, and still appears unwilling to fully confront the Houthis. The Houthis have already crossed a major threshold, launching ballistic missiles and drones against Abha, Khamis Mushait, Jazan and Najran, striking Saudi infrastructure and wounding at least 73 people. Yet they have continued attacking, while Saudi-backed forces have now lost the strategic port of Mocha, roughly 80 km from Bab al-Mandab. Saudi Arabia is striking back, but the problem is the scale and objective. ⚠️ Even the Houthis’ own inflated figures illustrate the problem. They claim as many as 64 Saudi strikes in 24 hours across four provinces. Saudi Arabia has not confirmed that number, but even taking it at face value, dozens of dispersed strikes are not the sustained campaign Saudi Arabia’s enormous air force is capable of generating. ⚠️ Saudi Arabia appears caught between retaliation and commitment. It wants to punish Houthi attacks without being dragged back into the open-ended Yemen war it spent years trying to escape. The result risks becoming a dangerous half-war: enough airstrikes to provoke retaliation, but potentially not enough sustained pressure to fundamentally change Houthi calculations. ⚠️ The Houthis are learning from every restrained response. If ballistic missiles and drones can hit Saudi cities, energy infrastructure and military facilities and the consequence is another limited round of strikes, they have little reason to conclude that the next barrage should be smaller. ⚠️ Meanwhile, the battlefield is moving in the Houthis’ favor along the most strategically dangerous front. Their capture of Mocha brings them substantially closer to Bab al-Mandab precisely when disruption in the Strait of Hormuz has made the Red Sea increasingly important for Saudi oil exports. Saudi Arabia possesses overwhelming conventional airpower compared with the Houthis. The fundamental problem increasingly appears to be political will and the absence of a clear theory of victory. Saudi Arabia does not want to own another Yemen war. That is understandable after the failures and enormous costs of the previous intervention. But deterrence cannot rest on simultaneously telling the Houthis that their attacks are intolerable while demonstrating that Saudi Arabia is reluctant to escalate enough to stop them. The Houthis are testing exactly where Saudi restraint ends. And if they conclude there is no decisive response coming, expect the pressure to increase, not decrease: more ballistic missiles, more drones, more attacks against southern Saudi infrastructure and greater attempts to exploit their new position along the Red Sea coast. Saudi Arabia’s reluctance to fully confront the Houthis may be intended to prevent another major war. Instead, it risks teaching the Houthis that escalation works.
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🚨 The Mecca Pact is already beginning to look more like a press release than a military alliance. “An attack on one is an attack on all” has survived its first real test with considerably less certainty than the signing ceremony suggested. After the Houthis launched missiles and drones into Saudi Arabia, Pakistan’s Defence Minister Khawaja Asif initially raised the possibility that the new Saudi-Pakistan-Turkey defense agreement could become operational. Within a day, however, Pakistan’s public position cooled considerably. The Foreign Ministry said military involvement against the Houthis was not currently under discussion, while officials emphasized that any potential Pakistani role would be defensive and conducted from Saudi territory. That hesitation matters. 🛡️ “Defensive only” establishes an immediate ceiling on the pact. Pakistan is signaling that defending Saudi airspace is one thing. Entering Yemen, taking responsibility for defeating the Houthis or becoming trapped in another open-ended war is something entirely different. 🛡️ Saudi Arabia’s deteriorating position in Yemen makes deeper Pakistani involvement even less attractive. Despite enormous military spending and air superiority, Saudi-backed forces have suffered serious setbacks along the Red Sea coast, including the loss of Mocha, while the Houthis continue demonstrating their ability to strike Saudi territory. 🛡️ Pakistan has little incentive to inherit Saudi Arabia’s Yemen problem. A deeper intervention risks Pakistani personnel and shipping becoming Houthi targets, stretches a military already facing serious security challenges at home and threatens Pakistan’s attempts to maintain workable relations with Iran. 🛡️ But doing almost nothing creates a different problem. If missiles can hit Saudi cities and infrastructure immediately after a mutual-defense pact is signed and the response from its partners is limited to air defense, consultations and diplomatic warnings, adversaries will quickly identify the limits of the agreement. This is why the first test matters so much. The pact does not require Pakistan to invade Yemen, and limited air-defense or intelligence assistance could still satisfy Pakistan’s interpretation of its obligations. But deterrence depends on an adversary believing an attack will bring consequences it cannot comfortably absorb. Instead, the Houthis attacked Saudi Arabia and almost immediately exposed uncertainty over how far Pakistan is actually prepared to go. Pakistan’s “defensive only, from Saudi territory” position is the tell: it will help protect Saudi Arabia, but it does not want to own Saudi Arabia’s war. If that remains the ceiling after the pact’s first major test, “attack on one is attack on all” will sound considerably more powerful on paper than it does on the battlefield.
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