红杉 AI 大会上,Karpathy 聊了近 30 分钟,把过去几个月编程范式的剧变讲透了
从"软件 1.0/2.0/3.0"的框架,到 MenuGen 项目里"神经网络直接把图片渲染进菜单像素"这种细思极恐的例子
还有"参差智能"(jagged intelligence)、"animals vs ghosts"这些他自己独创的概念。
这是一个真正在大模型一线写代码、踩过坑的人,把 2026 年最前沿的认知浓缩成大白话讲给你听。
章节:
00:30 作为程序员从没这么落后过
01:02 去年12月的转折点:从"能用的AI"到 vibe coding
03:35 软件1.0/2.0/3.0:编程变成了写提示词
04:04 OpenClaw 安装:复制粘贴一段话给 agent 就是新时代编程
04:49 MenuGen 的故事:从写代码到"给 Gemini 一张照片"
05:37 Nano Banana 直接把菜品渲染进像素,整个 app 都成了多此一举
06:11 软件3.0范式
08:07 MenuGen 例子的推演:完全神经网络构成的计算机
09:40 AI 到底为什么在有些领域强、有些领域弱
11:14 经典例子:strawberry 里到底几个 r,到走50米该不该走路去洗车
12:24 国际象棋的秘密:GPT-4 突飞猛进是因为训练数据加了棋谱
13:39 给创始人的建议:可验证性能让你自己做微调、蹭上RL红利
15:46 vibe coding vs agentic engineering
16:54 "10倍工程师"过时了,现在顶尖的人远不止10倍
18:21 招聘该怎么变:别再考算法题,让人做一个能扛住攻击的大项目
19:36 人依然要把关审美、判断力、taste
20:37 Spec 比 plan mode 更重要:把关顶层设计,细节交给agent
21:51 API细节(dim/axis/reshape)已经不用记了,但底层原理还得懂
22:13 品味判断力会不会贬值?
23:31 参差智能:我们不是在造动物,是在召唤幽灵(ghosts)
25:17 agent 能自主行动后的世界
25:27 一切文档依然是给人类写的——Karpathy最讨厌的痛点
27:43 智能变便宜之后,到底什么还值得深入学习
28:06 那条让他难忘的推文:"你能外包思考,但外包不了理解"
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看得我泪流满面😭🥹💔就凭这一点,难道中国人还能再吃狗肉吗?
A Belated Tribute to China’s Wenchuan Earthquake Rescue Dogs.
This is a tribute that comes years too late.
On October 2, 2021, the last search-and-rescue dog that had served in the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake, Bingjie, passed away. With his death, all 67 rescue dogs that answered the call during one of China’s darkest disasters had completed their final roll call.
This isn’t about whether you love dogs or keep pets.
It’s about heroes.
Back in 2008, when mountains collapsed and entire cities were reduced to rubble, these dogs charged into places no human could safely enter. At a single whistle from their handlers, they disappeared into twisted steel, shattered glass, and unstable concrete without hesitation.
Their paws were ripped apart by broken rebar and jagged debris. They bled with every step. Many worked until the pads of their feet were raw and infected.
Yet the moment they caught even the faintest scent of life beneath the ruins, they refused to leave.
They barked.
They dug.
They kept digging.
For them, every signal they gave meant another chance for someone to survive.
That wasn’t simply bravery.
It was something even purer.
A complete trust in the person who guided them. A trust so absolute that it stood above fear itself.
Bingjie was barely a year old when he was deployed to Wenchuan. Still little more than a puppy, he clawed through what had become a living hell and helped save 13 lives.
The first little girl he rescued is now a university graduate.
The future she was able to live began with a wet black nose finding her in the darkness… and a pair of tiny paws digging until they nearly gave out.
If she remembers that moment, then she remembers who reached her first.
No matter how you measure it, humanity owes these dogs a debt that can never truly be repaid.
There was also Shenhu, another legendary rescue dog.
By the time he retired in 2019, nearly fourteen years old, he had helped save 15 lives. His handler couldn’t bear to part with him, so he brought Shenhu home and stayed by his side until the very end.
Today, a statue stands in his honor.
But the truth is…
Dogs don’t understand medals.
They don’t understand monuments.
They don’t care about titles or glory.
A gentle pat on the head.
A favorite tennis ball.
A few words of praise from the person they trust.
To them, that was worth risking everything.
If called again, they would have done it all over without a second thought.
People often speak of loyalty.
These dogs never spoke a word.
They carved loyalty into their bones.
Now they have all returned to the place people lovingly call the Rainbow Bridge.
Perhaps they’re together again, sniffing one another, wagging their tails, healthy and full of life, just as they were back then.
To the silent heroes who gave everything so that strangers could have another tomorrow…
Thank you.
You will never be forgotten.
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