Moscow Mayor Sergey Sobyanin rejected calls to place Russia's entire economy on a wartime footing, arguing that such a move would "kill normal economic life" and ultimately "kill the country." In the same interview, Sobyanin said drone attacks targeting Russia have intensified in recent months, claiming that roughly two-thirds of drones launched against Russian territory are aimed at Moscow. His remarks came after several lawmakers called for a broader wartime mobilization of the Russian economy.

Moscow Refinery Hit as Russia Reports Largest Drone Attack Several drones struck the territory of the Moscow refinery, damaging a facility at the site, Mayor Sergei Sobyanin said, without elaborating. Nobody was hurt and emergency services were working at the scene, he said in a post on Telegram. Oil producer Gazprom Neft PJSC owns the refinery, located about 25 kilometers (16 miles) from the Kremlin. It has a processing capacity of about 245,000 barrels a day and is one of the key fuel suppliers for the capital region. (Bloomberg)

They ate dirt, and they stomped the poison out with their bare feet! The potato. Wild potatoes in the Andes were packed with glycoalkaloids such as solanine and tomatine. The compounds kept pests away, yet they left the raw tubers so bitter and poisonous that eating them could bring on severe cramping, paralysis, or death. Early Andean people dealt with that in two odd ways: they ate dirt, and they stomped the poison out with their bare feet. Geophagy came first. They dipped the bitter potatoes in a slurry of a particular local clay called chaco or pasa. The fine particles bound the toxins in the stomach so the body never absorbed them; they simply passed through. Clay handled the immediate danger. It offered no way to store a large harvest. For that, the Tiwanaku and later the Inca invented freeze-drying and produced chuño, apparently the first such process anywhere. In the high altiplano winter they spread the potatoes on the ground and let them freeze overnight. The cold shattered the cell walls. When the sun rose the tubers thawed. Villagers then walked over them barefoot, squeezing out water and the bitter juices the frost had released. They repeated the freeze-thaw-trample cycle for several days until the potatoes were flattened and dry. To make the paler, refined version known as tunta or white chuño they submerged the tubers in a cold mountain stream for a few weeks so the last toxins could leach out, then dried them in the sun once more. The finished chuño was safe. Moisture and toxins gone, it could sit in woven storehouses for more than a decade without rotting. That light carbohydrate supplied the calories that let vast Andean empires thrive in an unforgiving climate. Potatoes spread across the ground to freeze-dry into chuño in the high Andes. Photo by Chuck Moravec (Wikimedia Commons) is licensed under CC BY 2.0.

These are the 4 brave senators who voted against CAB3. While 75 others chose betrayal and duplicity these 4 CCC senators chose to side with the people. A big thank you to Senator Sesel Zvidzai, Senator Solani Moyo, Senator Meliwe Phuthi and Senator Nonhlanhla Mlotshwa.

$VLO $MPC $PSX $DK $CLMT STRIKE ANALYSIS: VOLODARSKAYA LPDS (TRANSNEFT), MOSCOW REGION Event date: night of 10/5/26 to 10/6/26. Analysis as of 10/6/26 afternoon EDT. EVENT SUMMARY Ukraine launched a mass overnight drone attack on Moscow and the surrounding region. Moscow Mayor Sobyanin reported 650 plus drones launched toward the capital between the evening of 10/5 and the morning of 10/6, with 105 destroyed on the approaches. One Russian investigative outlet counted 718. Russian state media called it the largest attack on the region in 2 years. The Volodarskaya Linear Production and Dispatch Station near Konstantinovo village, about 40 km from downtown Moscow, was hit and caught fire. All 4 Moscow airports shut during the attack with hundreds of flights delayed or cancelled. VERIFICATION STATUS Corroborated by multiple independent sources: eyewitness video of flames and smoke, Russian war bloggers (Podolyaka) reporting an oil storage tank hit, EA WorldView, and Ukrainian outlets. No official Russian confirmation of the depot hit; the mayor's tallies never mentioned Volodarskaya. No Transneft statement found. Treat the strike as confirmed, the damage extent as partially verified. FACILITY PROFILE Volodarskaya LPDS, operated by Transnefteprodukt (Transneft). Largest oil depot in the Moscow region. 27 tanks holding about 250,000 m3 of gasoline, diesel, and jet fuel. Annual throughput above 3 million tons of petroleum products. Connected by product pipeline to the Ryazan and Moscow refineries. Sole pipeline-fed supplier of jet fuel to Moscow's 3 main airports: Sheremetyevo, Vnukovo, and Domodedovo. On the tracker's hourly watch list. DAMAGE ASSESSMENT Local reports say 2 storage tanks were burning by morning. Video shows a large blaze. Tank-level damage beyond that is unconfirmed. The Moscow oil refinery in the southeast of the capital was reportedly also targeted but air defenses prevented a hit, per blogger claims without evidence. That refinery was previously hit on 9/20/26. CAUSE / RESPONSIBILITY Ukrainian drone strike, reported across Russian and Ukrainian sources. Zelensky said Sunday that Kyiv would escalate strikes on Russian energy in response to Russian strikes on Ukrainian energy. No formal Ukrainian claim of this specific target found yet. Not an accident or malfunction per all reporting. CAPACITY IMPACT Throughput at risk: up to 3 million tons per year of products if the station is fully offline, though pipeline stations can often reroute around damaged tankage. Jet fuel supply to 3 Moscow airports is the binding constraint. Broader context: this follows the 10/2 strike on the Samara LPDS (Russia's largest oil hub) and the 9/20 Moscow refinery hit. Ukraine claims 51% of Russian refining capacity disabled; treat as a Ukrainian claim, not verified. Enverus estimated about 7 MMbpd of Middle East and Russian refining capacity damaged or war-constrained as of September. REPAIR STATUS Unknown. No operator statement, no timeline. MARKET IMPLICATIONS Directionally supportive for global refining margins, especially diesel and jet. Russian domestic fuel shortages and queues were already reported before this strike; losing the Moscow region's largest depot tightens the Moscow market specifically. Gulf diesel exports were already at about a quarter of pre-war levels per IEA. Each incremental Russian outage removes product length from an already short Atlantic Basin distillate market. The read-through for US refiners (VLO, MPC, PSX, DK) is continued strong 3-2-1 cracks, which were near $67 per bbl in September, with distillate near $95 per bbl. Watch for Russian product export data and Moscow airport fuel logistics over the next 2 weeks for confirmation of severity. WHAT TO WATCH Transneft or Russian official acknowledgement with damage scope. Whether the fire is extinguished or spreads to additional tankage. Flight operations and jet fuel logistics at the 3 Moscow airports. Follow-on strikes: the pattern is accelerating (Samara 10/2, Moscow region 10/5-10/6). Satellite thermal confirmation on the next FIRMS overpasses. CAVEATS Tank count damaged (2) is from local reports, not officially confirmed. Fire status as of this afternoon is unknown. Ukrainian 51% refining capacity claim is unverified. No evidence yet on repair timeline.

Today, I'm excited to announce that @WeAreLegora has acquired Cadastral. Cadastral is an AI agent platform built specifically for commercial real estate, trusted by JLL, AvalonBay, Equity Residential, and Empire State Realty Trust. In just over a year, they've signed 50+ firms and grown revenues by 40% per month on average. Why CRE? Because it may be the most legally intensive industry on earth. Acquisitions. Leases. Refinancings. Disputes. Every deal produces a wall of documents that demands precision. Legal teams here have never had AI built for them, until Cadastral. Co-founders Abe Somani and Aman Dhesi and their NYC engineering team are joining Legora, and planting the flag for our first major US engineering hub. We're building toward 200+ people in New York and 300+ across North America by end of 2026. This is our fourth acquisition this year. The thesis is consistent: Legora is an agentic operating system for legal work wherever that work happens. Law firms. In-house teams. And now the industries that create the most complex legal work in the world. CRE is next. It won't be the last. Welcome, Abe, Aman, and the Cadastral team. Full story:

On 20th September Ukraine hit Moscow's oil refinery again, on the final day of Russia's first wartime parliamentary election. Three days earlier the International Energy Agency had written that the same 250,000 barrel a day plant was reported to be offline until early 2027. You cannot destroy production that has already stopped, and nobody has published what was running there on Friday. Reuters reported in June that two strikes two days apart had taken out both halves of the plant, one unit carrying 53 per cent of capacity and the second carrying the other 47. Saturday's list is where this stops being a repeat. After the 18th June strike Ukraine's General Staff named the AVT-6 primary refining unit, the integrated refining unit and four fuel tanks, and after Saturday it named the AVT-6 primary refining unit, the integrated refining unit and an isomerization unit. Two of the three names are identical, the tanks have dropped off, and in their place sits a machine that was not there in June. That machine is the story. The IEA's repair clock sits in the same document. Minor damage to a crude unit can typically be repaired within one or two weeks, while repairs to more complex secondary units that have suffered serious damage take six to eight months on average. Isomerization is a secondary unit. The only new name on Saturday's list is the only one carrying the long delay. Sergei Sobyanin said several drones reached the refinery premises. That confirms arrival. It does not confirm damage. Every detail of what broke inside the fence comes from Kyiv. The number travelling with the story is 11.6 million tonnes, which is what the plant processed across 2024. A full year of work from two calendar years ago is not supply lost in a night. Moscow is also not where Russia's fuel problem lives. Saratov was reported halted on 11th September and Syzran on 15th September, and Yaroslavl was struck overnight into 17th September with the damage confirmed by its own Russian governor. The IEA has June refinery runs at 3.8 million barrels a day, roughly 30 per cent below a year earlier and the lowest in more than twenty years, with a Russian refinery hit on average once every three days this year. By late August only five major Russian refineries had never been touched. The drone totals cannot be stacked. Russia's defence ministry claimed 1,110 destroyed overnight and Sobyanin claimed more than 1,600 since Saturday, including 450 headed for Moscow. Different speakers, different clocks, one figure sitting inside another, and every one of them a Russian claim about interceptions rather than a count of launches. Ukraine published no launch total, so no success rate exists. Two people were killed in the Moscow region and about 20 hurt, and roughly 400 left a 21 storey block in Ramenskoye after a drone set its roof alight. Trump posted on Monday that Ukraine had agreed not to hit Russian energy targets and Russia had agreed to do likewise. By Tuesday morning Russia had hit petrol stations in Kyiv and Ukraine had hit Syzran, the Kremlin called the idea good without ever agreeing to it, and on Wednesday Zelensky was asked whether an energy truce existed and said no. There was no truce to collapse.