A timber from a Roman wharf in London displayed at St Magnus the Martyr church near London Bridge. This large, dark, weathered oak beam is a remnant of the massive wooden waterfront structures built by Romans in Londinium starting around the mid-1st Century AD, shortly after the city's founding in c. 43–50 AD. The one at St Magnus the Martyr was found in 1931 on Fish Street Hill and is dated to around 75 AD. Roman engineers constructed successive timber quays, revetments, and box structures along the north bank of the Thames, mainly around Lower Thames Street, Billingsgate, Pudding Lane, and New Fresh Wharf areas, to create a major port. These used massive oak baulks, often squared, jointed without nails using notches/tenons, and sometimes iron-reinforced, piles, and tie-backs. Large prefabricated timbers formed rigid boxes or stacked fronts, infilled with gravel/clay. These show how the Romans reclaimed land from the Thames, built a bustling harbor with warehouses, and supported trade. The river level and shoreline have shifted dramatically since then. Many similar timbers were excavated in the 1970s–2000s during City of London redevelopment, but this one is publicly displayed as a tangible link to Roman London. #drthehistories#