There are two Fed debates playing out right now: One over where to set rates, and another over how much officials should say about how they see the future. Kevin Warsh has made a point of saying less. His Fed colleagues haven't. They're speaking at least as much as they were a year ago. Where things have landed “is probably the worst of all possible outcomes,” says one former Fed economist. “Nobody can force him to talk for the committee. And frankly, he can’t force other committee members to shut up."

Six AI debates: 1. Frontier models get cheaper vs. more expensive 2. The world is underinvested vs. overinvested in compute 3. The gap between frontier and open source shrinks vs. widens 4. AI is job-destroying vs. job-creating 5. AI detection & regulation keeps pace with generation vs. never catches up 6. AGI/ASI is in sight vs. unachievable Answers vary heavily based on age, job, industry, time-spent-on-Twitter.

Abstracts of Addressing Recent Debates on LT Capex and NVDA Platform Content Away from Memories • Recent CSP Earnings Review on Capex: Amazon to $220bn, Google $195-205bn, Meta $130-145bn • U.S. CSP capex forecast at $0.8tn/$1.2tn / $1.4tn in 2026/2027/28 (+45% / +20% YoY in 27/28), supported by healthy balance sheets • Capex growth expected to moderate to +20% / +15% YoY in 2028/29 as CSPs prioritize returns & FCF & uncertainties over AI model competition • Top 5 debt issuance seen at $257bn / $419bn in 2026/27 (31-35% of capex), still manageable • Cumulative debt issuance could reach ~$421bn by 2028, yet remains well-supported • Balance sheets stay very healthy (ex-Oracle): net leverage only ~0.5x (EBITDA basis) by 2028/29 • Net debt-to-equity ratio projected at just 18% by 2029 despite heavy capex

• Reiterate our July 2’s report of Nvidia cutting memory: Vera CPU SOCAMM from 192GB → 96GB → selective SKUs to 64GB by 1Q27
• Rubin Ultra HBM stepped down from 384GB to 192GB/256GB (HBM4/4E); 8-Hi design finalized, yet 12-Hi remains on line up
• Competitors already on lower configs: AMD MI450 Custom and Google TPU Humufish already 8-Hi
• Scale-up expanding via NVL576 w NPO optics to offset reduced memory content
• Nvidia platform OE shipments estimated at 5.8m / 8.1m units in 2027/28
• Still positive on AI trends; prefer GPU / CPU / Optics, cautious on memory commodities
 Recommendations: 1) Nvidia GPU: NVDA (Buy), Hon Hai (2317 TT), SMCI (Buy) 2) CPU: INTC (Buy), AMD (Buy), ASE (3711 TT, ASX, Buy) 3) Optics NPO: LITE (Buy), MRVL (Buy), SMTC (Buy), TSEM (Buy), Bizlink (3665 TT Buy), Browave (3163 TT) #capex# #NVDA# #RUBIN# #Memory# #HBM#