AI capex spend is expected to go to "$3 to $4 trillion annually" by 2030 from $NVDA Jensen Huang projections. You're not bullish enough. And it might be a good idea to stay exposed + own the keys of the AI Kingdom: -> $AXTI controls the materials buildout with photonics. -> $SOI controls the AI buildout with silicon photonics. -> $SIVE controls laser chokepoints for CPO. -> $IQE controls Western epiwafer supply chains for photonics. All these started off as tiny companies, yet the trillions of projected capex gradually upward to them.  There's many more in other industries as well. -> AI Capex flows to Neoclouds like $NBIS. -> AI Capex flows to memory like $MU and $SNDK. And many of the "commodity" materials or "science projects" for the past 20 years now a sudden shift in exponential TAM expansion. We're witnessing the next industrial revolution with Artificial Intelligence + Physical AI.

$GOOGL updates FY 2026 capex guidance: To $195B-$205B. Up from $180B-$190B. Google is also expected to significantly increase capex in 2027. This is perhaps the most bullish read through on upstream semis from a hyperscaler.

The hyperscaler-led AI capex boom may eclipse dotcom mania, but a repeat of the crash of 2000 is unlikely, even if AI demand fails to match supply, argues ROI's @ReutersJamie

Combined quarterly capex from the four largest hyperscalers: $MSFT , $GOOG , $AMZN , $META , by calendar quarter: Q1 2024: $44.6B Q2 2024: $53.1B Q3 2024: $59.8B Q4 2024: $72.8B Q1 2025: $72.7B Q2 2025: $88.7B Q3 2025: $97.8B Q4 2025: $119.4B Q1 2026: $130.6B That's a +193% increase over nine quarters. $NVDA reports Q1 FY27 on Wednesday, May 20 (AMC).

Abstracts of Addressing Recent Debates on LT Capex and NVDA Platform Content Away from Memories • Recent CSP Earnings Review on Capex: Amazon to $220bn, Google $195-205bn, Meta $130-145bn • U.S. CSP capex forecast at $0.8tn/$1.2tn / $1.4tn in 2026/2027/28 (+45% / +20% YoY in 27/28), supported by healthy balance sheets • Capex growth expected to moderate to +20% / +15% YoY in 2028/29 as CSPs prioritize returns & FCF & uncertainties over AI model competition • Top 5 debt issuance seen at $257bn / $419bn in 2026/27 (31-35% of capex), still manageable • Cumulative debt issuance could reach ~$421bn by 2028, yet remains well-supported • Balance sheets stay very healthy (ex-Oracle): net leverage only ~0.5x (EBITDA basis) by 2028/29 • Net debt-to-equity ratio projected at just 18% by 2029 despite heavy capex

• Reiterate our July 2’s report of Nvidia cutting memory: Vera CPU SOCAMM from 192GB → 96GB → selective SKUs to 64GB by 1Q27
• Rubin Ultra HBM stepped down from 384GB to 192GB/256GB (HBM4/4E); 8-Hi design finalized, yet 12-Hi remains on line up
• Competitors already on lower configs: AMD MI450 Custom and Google TPU Humufish already 8-Hi
• Scale-up expanding via NVL576 w NPO optics to offset reduced memory content
• Nvidia platform OE shipments estimated at 5.8m / 8.1m units in 2027/28
• Still positive on AI trends; prefer GPU / CPU / Optics, cautious on memory commodities
 Recommendations: 1) Nvidia GPU: NVDA (Buy), Hon Hai (2317 TT), SMCI (Buy) 2) CPU: INTC (Buy), AMD (Buy), ASE (3711 TT, ASX, Buy) 3) Optics NPO: LITE (Buy), MRVL (Buy), SMTC (Buy), TSEM (Buy), Bizlink (3665 TT Buy), Browave (3163 TT) #capex# #NVDA# #RUBIN# #Memory# #HBM#

Dan Ives on SpaceX: “The Capex tug of war between SpaceX and investors is a necessary buildout that will require patience.” “The reality is that the gold at the end of the rainbow is around data & AI. SpaceX is going after that opportunity, & I think that’s what they’re doing. It speaks to xAI and ultimately what probably could be Tesla as well. That’s the broader vision of Musk.”