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Michael Guo
@Michaelzsguo
Building AI agents and AI-native orgs. Demystifying AI in practice. EN/中文 (Selected build notes, experiments, and practical tips at the website link.)
426 Following    9.1K Followers
Great that Sebastian helps explain recurrent transformers more clearly. It’s not a “new” technique, as others have been using it too. ByteDance, for example, has reportedly used a similar approach. And no, it doesn’t “suppress” the CoT, as some have claimed.
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A lot of hype around OpenAI's Astra model here on my timeline today. Apparently, this goes back to a new article from The Information, which said Astra is a "recurrent depth or looped transformer". It's always interesting to read about new or different approaches (including rumors about what the closed labs may be up to), but let's debunk this a bit. About 2 months ago, I shared the architecture details of Nanbeige, for example, where "Nanbeige4.2-3B is pretrained from scratch on 28T tokens with a Looped Transformer that reuses the layer stack to increase capacity without adding parameters." Yes, that's it. The looped transformer idea is just reusing layers in the transformer block. In the case of Nanbeige, the main idea is to reuse the same 22-layer stack (=transformer block) twice instead of once. So, effectively it extends the 22-layer architecture to 44 layers, but without duplicating the weights. In simple terms, this roughly doubles the size of the model (if we ignore the embedding and output layers for a second). But instead of requiring 2x the storage and RAM to host this model, it stays at the same size since we reuse the components. However, it's almost 2x as expensive in terms of compute, because we run the embedded text through almost 2x as many layers. Why? In the Nanbeige 4.2 technical report, the researchers found that two passes gave the best trade-off and retained about 75% of the token efficiency of a standard architecture. (More passes gave barely any gains but made the training much slower and much more expensive.) While, as far as I know, Nanbeige 4.2 is the first notable open-weight model that adopted this approach, the idea goes back to the NeurIPS paper "Mixture-of-recursions: Learning dynamic recursive depths for adaptive token-level computation". Actually, this paper proposes a mechanism that is a bit more sophisticated by adding a learned router that determines whether each token receives one, two, or more passes. So, easy tokens can exit early while harder tokens receive additional computation. In sum, Astra may be a really good model, but this shouldn't be about this "looped transformer aspect," which is just a tiny architectural tweak. Also, the statement "the new technique works in a way that obscures some or all of the AI's reasoning, otherwise known as 'chain-of-thought'" is not necessarily true with respect to the looped transformer method. It's possible that The Information journalist refers to some other technique or misunderstood the looped transformer method. Reusing layers does not by itself suppress visible chain of thought. It adds computation in hidden states before the next token is emitted, just as ordinary transformer layers do. But based on the information we have, the only plausible interpretation here is that if a model uses more of these recurrent passes, it may need to generate fewer intermediate reasoning tokens. So then more of its computation happens in latent activations that cannot be read as text. But we would get the same effect if we were scaling up the model size, like GPT 5.6 Luna -> GPT 5.6 Sol.
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Apple is also using lake America
Another big difference between Apple Maps and Google Maps. See it yourself
DeepSeek Harness has reached 207.4K GitHub stars and taken the #1# spot among agent harnesses. It has nearly doubled its star count in just half a month.
DeepSeek Harness 发布短短两天,GitHub Star 已经突破 10 万。 它已经远远超过存在时间更长的 Qwen Code,也超过了非常受欢迎的 Pi,甚至已经超过 OpenAI Codex。 目前前面只剩 OpenCode。 更夸张的是,这些项目大多已经积累了几个月甚至更长时间,而 DeepSeek Harness 只用了两天。 以目前这个势头,超过 OpenCode,恐怕也是指日可待。
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Asking for a friend: does the two-pizza team rule still apply in the AI era? I mean, everyone is saying that now everyone becomes a manager, managing a team of AI agents. But according to the two-pizza team rule, your team should be small enough to be fed with two large pizzas. So what happens when one person may be directing 10, 20, or even more agents at once as they claimed?
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wait, grok bot did that? very cool
Two months ago I was testing Grok @imagine to make the Battle of Red Cliffs (赤壁之戰). Now in Grok @bot you can spin up a director, screenwriter, music producer, and cinematographer to create a cinematic movie trailer in one shot. Attached the only prompt I gave to Grok @bot and the rest was autonomous.
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Another big difference between Apple Maps and Google Maps. See it yourself
Where’s the reset, @thsottiaux ? Should I wait, or just use the reset credit? Waiting online. Urgent! 😂
Looking at the dashboard we might hit a new milestone to celebrate tomorrow. Hold on to your Codex
This almost suggests OpenAI’s next frontier model, Astra, will arrive before November 12. If Astra is one of the reasons OpenAI is breaking with Cursor, and November 12 is the latest date OpenAI is contractually required to keep providing models to Cursor, then the logic is pretty clear: OpenAI wants to keep honoring the existing contract for as long as possible, but not long enough for Cursor to get access to Astra.
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We’re ending our partnership with Cursor following its acquisition by SpaceX. Under our proposal, Cursor’s direct access to our models would end on November 12. We know that the people most affected by this decision are the developers who rely on OpenAI models in Cursor. We care about their experience in this transition and we’re ready to go above and beyond to support them.
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Finally. Valley 101, one of most prominent Chinese tech podcasts, now has an English-language channel. I’ve loved their shows for years. So many times, I wanted to share an episode with American colleagues or friends, only to remember they couldn’t understand Chinese. Valley 101 does thoughtful, long-form reporting on technology, business, and the people shaping Silicon Valley and China’s AI industry. You hear directly from the founders, engineers, researchers, and investors closest to the work. The timing feels right. Just yesterday, Bilibili began rolling out its new international app, starting with Android, as part of a broader push to reach overseas viewers and creators. A widely cited study found that 47% of the world’s top-tier AI researchers in 2022 received their undergraduate education in China. There is no shortage of Chinese technology stories worth telling, or talented people creating work that could benefit the rest of the world. The language barrier has kept too many of those stories inside one ecosystem. I’m glad Valley 101 is helping them travel.
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Kimi K3 is coming to @FireworksAI_HQ on July 27, the same day @Kimi_Moonshot plans to release its open weights. This is great news for a compute-constrained Moonshot. Fireworks can help absorb global inference demand, while developers who cannot sign up for Kimi’s API directly will have another way to access K3. Open weights are only the first step. Distribution and reliable inference matter just as much.
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Kimi K3 exposed the real bottleneck in open AI: open weights do not mean easy inference. Moonshot paused new subscriptions as demand overwhelmed capacity, and recommends 64+ accelerator supernodes for K3. This also sheds light on what the model-serving ecosystem may look like once K3 releases its weights. It turns out we already have a thriving industry: @FireworksAI_HQ , @baseten and @togethercompute carry $38.8B in combined valuations, with revenue, bookings and token volumes growing rapidly.
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Here is how an AI cyber evaluation became a real security incident: GPT‑5.6 Sol and an unreleased model found a zero-day, escaped their constrained environment, reached the internet, and compromised Hugging Face while trying to obtain benchmark answers. Hugging Face contained the attack, then used locally hosted GLM‑5.2 to reconstruct 17,000+ recorded events.
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英雄的GLM5.2战胜了GPT-5.6 Sol, 拯救了Huggingface公主和她的城堡。
Update to my earlier post: the Hugging Face attacker was not an unknown threat actor. It was OpenAI’s own evaluation agents. During a cyber benchmark, GPT‑5.6 Sol and a more capable unreleased model, running with reduced safety refusals, discovered a zero-day, escaped their restricted environment, reached the open internet, and compromised Hugging Face infrastructure to steal benchmark answers. This was an AI agent going to extreme lengths to “win” an evaluation. A striking real-world demonstration of why agent containment, monitoring, and least-privilege access now matter as much as model capability.
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The agent cyber war has begun, and GLM-5.2 helped lead the counterattack. Hugging Face recently disclosed a security breach in which an autonomous AI agent swarm executed more than 17,000 actions, breached its infrastructure, harvested credentials, and moved laterally across internal clusters. Hugging Face first tried using commercial frontier models, presumably Mythos or Fable 5, to investigate. But their safety guardrails blocked the actual exploit payloads and attack commands. So what did they use for the counterattack? GLM-5.2. They ran the open-weight model on their own infrastructure to reconstruct the attack, trace compromised credentials, and separate real damage from decoys. An AI agent attacked. Another AI agent, powered by a local open model, helped fight back. @Zai_org
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People seem to have converged on roughly this capability ranking: 1. Fable 5 2. GPT-5.6 Sol 3. Kimi K3 4. Grok 4.5 5. GLM-5.2 Now compare their model sizes: 1. Fable 5: ~10T parameters* 2. GPT-5.6 Sol: ~4T* 3. Kimi K3: 2.8T 4. Grok 4.5: ~1.5T* 4. GLM-5.2: 753B Size does matter! It is hard not to wonder what GLM-5.2 could become if had access to more GPUs and scaled it into the 3–10T parameter range.
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Three things make Anthropic’s $1.5 billion copyright settlement especially interesting: First, the court did not say Anthropic was wrong to train AI models on copyrighted books. The judge viewed model training as highly transformative. Claude learns patterns, language, and knowledge from books, but it does not simply reproduce and resell the original works. That means training can qualify as fair use. For the AI industry, that is a major win. Second, Anthropic’s mistake was not reading the books. It was how it obtained them. Anthropic downloaded millions of books from pirate libraries such as LibGen and kept them in a central repository. The court found that the downloading and storage itself could constitute copyright infringement. Buying legitimate copies later did not erase the original piracy. So the $1.5 billion should not really be described as an “AI training copyright fee.” It was the price Anthropic paid for acquiring training data through illegal channels. Third, this is far from over. This was a federal district court case, and Anthropic settled rather than pursuing the dispute through appeal. That means the ruling does not create a binding nationwide precedent. Other judges could still reach different conclusions. Some authors have also opted out of the settlement and may continue their own lawsuits, while Google, Meta, OpenAI, Midjourney, and others still face similar copyright cases.
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completed a massive 1-gigawatt data center in China that runs entirely on domestically produced AI chips. The facility, capable of drawing the power equivalent to roughly 750,000 homes, was built to train the company's GLM foundation models without relying on restricted western hardware. Not a single Nvidia chip. Worth taking a look at compute, cloud, and chip partners to see how it built a domestic AI infrastructure stack without relying on Nvidia. UCloud / 优刻得 provides large-scale cloud compute and helped build a 1,000-plus-card inference cluster with unified scheduling and integrated training and inference. Capital Online / 首都在线 supplies GPU clusters, IDC capacity, and regional compute delivery. It also connects to domestic accelerators through commercial deployments. Sugon / 中科曙光 provides the hardware foundation, including AI servers, storage, supercomputing systems, networking, and data-center infrastructure. Huawei Ascend / 华为昇腾 is clearest domestic training platform. used Ascend systems for the end-to-end training of GLM-Image. Enflame / 燧原科技 has the strongest documented domestic inference link, with its chips deployed for services through Capital Online. has also adapted GLM models to other Chinese chip platforms, including Cambricon, Moore Threads, MetaX, Kunlunxin, and Hygon. Note is not replacing Nvidia with a single Chinese vendor. It is assembling a multi-vendor stack across chips, servers, cloud operators, and data-center infrastructure.
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the company behind GLM-5.2, built a massive data center powered entirely by Chinese-made chips, without a single Nvidia chip.
the company behind GLM-5.2, built a massive data center powered entirely by Chinese-made chips, without a single Nvidia chip.
Huawei's Atlas 950 SuperPoD debuts at WAIC 2026. The Atlas 950 SuperPoD is its flagship AI compute system for model training and inference. Built from up to 8,192 Huawei Ascend NPUs and linked by Huawei’s UnifiedBus interconnect, it is designed to deliver ultra-high bandwidth, ultra-low latency, and unified memory addressing.
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I’m literally looking for Codex - every - - single - - time. -