Take a good look at these two charts. Pfizer’s top drugs undergo years of placebo-controlled safety reviews. Childhood vaccines given in the first six months of life? Some trials last only days, and some don’t use a saline placebo at all. In 1986, vaccine manufacturers in the US received significant legal protections against certain vaccine injury lawsuits. When financial liability is limited, what incentives remain to keep improving the safety of an already-approved product? Why aren’t saline placebo-controlled trials the standard for products injected into healthy infants? Parents deserve to know exactly what was studied, for how long, and what the products were compared against. Informed consent starts with asking questions, and having the evidence to answer them.