Register and share your invite link to earn from video plays and referrals.

Teng Yan
@tengyanAI
Ex-doctor. I publish the AI infrastructure & supply chain intelligence you can't get anywhere else. Building @tessara_ai
7.3K Following    49.8K Followers
been doing so many “bake-offs” a day with the different models, you’d think i’ve quit tech and opened a bakery
Our AI infrastructure map moved in five places today. here’s what changed, and why it matters for investors: #1#: The packaging center of gravity may be shifting. Morgan Stanley estimates Nvidia’s share of TSMC CoWoS allocation falls from 53.4% to 45.6% in 2027, while AMD nearly doubles to 19.8%. Google also reportedly booked Intel packaging capacity for 3M+ TPUs rather than waiting in the TSMC queue. Advanced packaging is becoming a more contested, multi-supplier market. #2#: NAND crossed into critical. Samsung starts mass production from its new storage line in Q4, while expected price increases on the tape are now 35 to 40%. Storage has been the quiet part of this AI cycle. That may be changing quickly. #3#: SK hynix has begun HBM4 mass shipments to Nvidia for its next platform. We now have a live price test using Korean customs data that should resolve within 30 days: - Does HBM pricing accelerate through the generation transition? If not, the tightness story is weaker than consensus assumes. #4#: Optical demand visibility keeps extending. $AAOI and Fabrinet are both describing longer order horizons, verified against their own transcripts. Important distinction: a supplier saying “we expect” is not the same as booked backlog. But the directional signal across the chain remains remarkably consistent. #5#: The contrarian one: co-packaged optics eased from tight to balanced. Everyone watches for bottlenecks getting worse. But loosening matters too. A constraint moving from scarce to available can change margins, bargaining power, capex timing and which suppliers actually capture the economics. It gets far less attention than tightening.
Show more
the relative strength of crypto (btc eth sol hype) vs equities (eg memory stocks) this month is quite telling. wonder how high we'll go - probably quite a bit capital flows are much more connected across sectors than most believe. you can almost see the hot ball of money rolling around and it will flow back into memory, networking etc later on as the relentless technical developments create new narratives
Show more
One of the stranger AI infrastructure trades right now: A component that costs fractions of a cent is becoming a meaningful bottleneck inside multimillion-dollar AI racks. MLCC content rises from roughly $1,530 in GB300 to $4,320 in VR200. But the investment case is not simply "capacitors are scarce." Most MLCCs are not scarce. The shortage sits in a narrow band of high-capacitance, low-inductance parts that can survive the voltage, thermal and power-delivery requirements of AI accelerators. That creates a much more interesting question: Who actually captures the economics? 1. Murata has the strongest strategic position. 2. SEMCO is showing the clearest earnings conversion. 3. Taiyo Yuden is arguably the cleanest directional exposure. Same bottleneck, three very different equity setups. That is the part I think investors should focus on. (companies exposed to MLCC, from @tessara_ai)
Show more
been quiet here because we’ve been heads down building hard at @tessara_ai. Very excited to start sharing more v soon. Also: GPT-5.6 is seriously impressive. I’ve been using it constantly as a thinking partner and have accepted that, on plenty of things even in my domain it is 10x smarter than me. Claude is more personable and friendly, but 5.6 has been extraordinary to work with. and using both together (eg 5.6 to review claude’s work) has been a huge unlock one thought I can’t shake is that Anthropic is effectively sending millions of copies of Claude out into the world as their *digital employees*, doing useful work for ppl and bringing revenue back to Anthropic. they’re not selling subs or tokens but digital workers this epitomises where humanity is heading in the next 5-10 years across every industry
Show more
have we reached peak Google? Demis stepping away from DeepMind. Jeff Dean leaving after 27 years. researchers defecting to OpenAI and Anthropic. people who built the machine are now leaving the machine - i'd pay attention.
Show more
Quick retrospective: SanDisk We weren’t betting on revenue. Everyone already expected that. We bet on margin. Our call: >81% non-GAAP gross margin with Actual: 84.6%. Now the interesting part begins. Q1 FY27 is guided to 83-85%. That’s the durability test. Today’s beat is already history.
Show more
Our SanDisk Call: $SNDK reports in a few hours. The revenue beat is expected. Margin decides the print. Street revenue consensus is $8.42B, already above management’s $7.75B - $8.25B guide. But consensus EPS of $34.67 still appears to assume gross margin near 80%, around the midpoint of management’s 79% to 81% range. Those assumptions do not sit comfortably together. The Street has moved above management on revenue while remaining anchored to management on margin. Our view is that NAND pricing changed too quickly for the April 30 guide to capture, and gross margin is where that change should appear. Our call: - SanDisk fiscal Q4 non-GAAP gross margin above 81%, exceeding the top of management’s guide. - Central case: approximately 84%. Management already underestimated the cycle once. Last quarter, SanDisk guided gross margin to 65% to 67%. It printed 78.4%. That was more than 11 points above the top of its own range, driven by stronger pricing and a faster shift toward higher-value customers. When asked why the next guide still assumed more modest pricing improvement, management said it “pays to be a bit conservative” early in a fast-moving quarter. We think it was conservative again. The strongest evidence comes from Kioxia. Kioxia jointly operates the same Japanese NAND manufacturing system as SanDisk and has already reported the same April-to-June period. Its blended selling prices rose approximately 70% sequentially. Gross margin reached 80%. Kioxia is not a direct margin comparison. Its mix, customers and accounting differ. But it tells us something important: The shared manufacturing system experienced far stronger pricing economics than SanDisk’s guide implied. SK Hynix provided a second confirmation, reporting NAND pricing up in the mid-50% range despite the dampening effect of longer-term contracts. The debate is therefore no longer whether NAND pricing improved. It is how much of that repricing reached SanDisk’s realised revenue and product mix during the quarter. How we made our call: We hold the prior cost structure broadly constant and vary one input: how much of the observed NAND repricing appears in realised revenue and mix. We do not assume full capture. Consumer and retail pricing resets more slowly than enterprise contracts. Inventory is recognised at historical cost. Realised pricing generally trails spot markets. Even limited capture gets gross margin above 81%. Stronger, but still incomplete, capture points toward the mid-80s. That is why 84% is our central case. The earnings sensitivity is meaningful. Using frozen Street revenue, share-count and tax assumptions, each gross-margin point is worth approximately $0.47 of EPS. Consensus EPS of $34.67 appears to sit near 80% margin. At 84%, EPS moves to roughly $36.60, around 5% above consensus. That is meaningful upside on the quarter’s decisive variable, although it is not by itself a rerating thesis. What could make us wrong? Three things: Slower repricing in consumer and retail channels. Inventory costs that have not yet caught up with current wafer economics. Manufacturing or node-transition costs absorbing more of the pricing benefit than we expect. If gross margin prints at 81% or below, the call is wrong. If it prints above 81%, management guided conservatively again, NAND pricing is reaching reported earnings faster than consensus expects, and fiscal 2027 estimates should move higher. Btw: I formed our call using Tessara's new research workspace (link in bio) Every material claim links back to its original source, including the Kioxia print, SanDisk management commentary and the assumptions behind our margin bridge. You can inspect the evidence, challenge the assumptions and build your own view rather than simply accept ours.
Show more
So $AAOI printed overnight. Revenue cleared. the guide was $180-198M. they printed about $192M. can they keep building 800G / 1.6T capacity, month by month? seems so Q1: ~100k units/month Q2 target: capacity approaching 200k/month. Year-end: ~650k/month reiterated. Management still says demand exceeds capacity through mid-2027. so: the factory ramp is real. the mix and margin still have to catch up.
Show more
Looking at SK Hynix’s intraday chart. Every night in the US session: buy. Every morning in the Korea session: sell. damn the memory crash has permanently traumatized Korean investors
Our SanDisk Call: $SNDK reports in a few hours. The revenue beat is expected. Margin decides the print. Street revenue consensus is $8.42B, already above management’s $7.75B - $8.25B guide. But consensus EPS of $34.67 still appears to assume gross margin near 80%, around the midpoint of management’s 79% to 81% range. Those assumptions do not sit comfortably together. The Street has moved above management on revenue while remaining anchored to management on margin. Our view is that NAND pricing changed too quickly for the April 30 guide to capture, and gross margin is where that change should appear. Our call: - SanDisk fiscal Q4 non-GAAP gross margin above 81%, exceeding the top of management’s guide. - Central case: approximately 84%. Management already underestimated the cycle once. Last quarter, SanDisk guided gross margin to 65% to 67%. It printed 78.4%. That was more than 11 points above the top of its own range, driven by stronger pricing and a faster shift toward higher-value customers. When asked why the next guide still assumed more modest pricing improvement, management said it “pays to be a bit conservative” early in a fast-moving quarter. We think it was conservative again. The strongest evidence comes from Kioxia. Kioxia jointly operates the same Japanese NAND manufacturing system as SanDisk and has already reported the same April-to-June period. Its blended selling prices rose approximately 70% sequentially. Gross margin reached 80%. Kioxia is not a direct margin comparison. Its mix, customers and accounting differ. But it tells us something important: The shared manufacturing system experienced far stronger pricing economics than SanDisk’s guide implied. SK Hynix provided a second confirmation, reporting NAND pricing up in the mid-50% range despite the dampening effect of longer-term contracts. The debate is therefore no longer whether NAND pricing improved. It is how much of that repricing reached SanDisk’s realised revenue and product mix during the quarter. How we made our call: We hold the prior cost structure broadly constant and vary one input: how much of the observed NAND repricing appears in realised revenue and mix. We do not assume full capture. Consumer and retail pricing resets more slowly than enterprise contracts. Inventory is recognised at historical cost. Realised pricing generally trails spot markets. Even limited capture gets gross margin above 81%. Stronger, but still incomplete, capture points toward the mid-80s. That is why 84% is our central case. The earnings sensitivity is meaningful. Using frozen Street revenue, share-count and tax assumptions, each gross-margin point is worth approximately $0.47 of EPS. Consensus EPS of $34.67 appears to sit near 80% margin. At 84%, EPS moves to roughly $36.60, around 5% above consensus. That is meaningful upside on the quarter’s decisive variable, although it is not by itself a rerating thesis. What could make us wrong? Three things: Slower repricing in consumer and retail channels. Inventory costs that have not yet caught up with current wafer economics. Manufacturing or node-transition costs absorbing more of the pricing benefit than we expect. If gross margin prints at 81% or below, the call is wrong. If it prints above 81%, management guided conservatively again, NAND pricing is reaching reported earnings faster than consensus expects, and fiscal 2027 estimates should move higher. Btw: I formed our call using Tessara's new research workspace (link in bio) Every material claim links back to its original source, including the Kioxia print, SanDisk management commentary and the assumptions behind our margin bridge. You can inspect the evidence, challenge the assumptions and build your own view rather than simply accept ours.
Show more
Memory stocks took a heavy hit this wk but DDR5 server RDIMM spot just moved +27.9% in 30 days to $1,375. that's the memory market pricing in AI server demand before the supply side can respond.
Show more
0
21
1.2K
155
Forward to community
on CXL: CXL could ease the capacity/utilization problem, increasingly in GPUs not just CPUs DRAM is bolted to each individual server. If one box has spare memory and the one next to it is starved, there's no way to share that idle capacity is "stranded" (Microsoft has said ~25% of the DRAM in its Azure fleet just sits there doing nothing). Since memory is roughly half the cost of a server, that's a lot of money idling. CXL unlocks three things: expansion (add capacity beyond the physical DIMM slots), pooling (a shared pool multiple servers draw from on demand), and sharing (multiple hosts hitting the same memory). The payoff is utilization. you stop provisioning every box for its worst case, so you buy less total memory for the same work. The catch is latency: CXL-attached memory sits ~200-500ns away vs ~100ns for local DRAM, so it's a tier below your main memory. good for colder data, KV-cache offload, big in-memory databases. I think of CXL as the shared storage closet down the hall cheaper per GB, much bigger, but you have to walk there It's not a DDR5 replacement, and importantly it does nothing for HBM bandwidth, which is a separate tier entirely.
Show more