The 2026 ZK Industry Report found proving advances focused on:
→ Pushing prover time toward parity with native execution.
→ Agentic competitions like @yukonresearch and @zksecurityXYZ finding new efficiencies.
→ Moving to hash-based, post-quantum proof systems.
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Huge congrats to Succinct’s Rahul Dalal, one of the cryptographers behind FlashProve, @AnthropicAI’s provable inference system built on zkSNARKs.
Why: Today, AI runs on a “just trust me” model. Users can’t verify that a response came from the model they chose, or that an attacker didn’t tamper with it along the way. As AI takes on higher-stakes work, that create tension for users, labs, and regulators alike.
What: Researchers from Anthropic, EPFL, MIT, and @SuccinctLabs built FlashProve, a system that lets a model provider commit to a specific model and then prove each response was produced by it, without revealing the weights. Under the hood, it uses zkSNARKs, the same cryptographic technology Succinct uses to secure $13.5B in deposits on Ethereum L2s.
So What: FlashProve proved Llama 4 Maverick, a 400B-parameter LLM, at 110 tokens/sec on a single H100 GPU, with ~19 MB proofs. That puts proving at roughly 70 to 95x the cost of running the model. The previous standard for the same model was ~0.02 tokens/sec.
What’s Next: FlashProve is still a research prototype, but it’s a step change toward the question we asked with Flock earlier this year: how close can proving get to computing? The closer it gets, the less reason there is to release any output without a proof attached.
Congrats again to Rahul and the FlashProve team, and great to see @Starknet, @Mantle_Official (proven by Succinct), and several zkML projects cited.
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Introducing the definitive guide to ZK in 2026.
The year’s biggest questions pointed to ZK: Can we trust AI? Will quantum break encryption? Can private money live on public rails? How do we know what’s real online?
Read how in the 2026 ZK Industry Report with @zeroknowledgefm.
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The goal is to make proving as fast as computation, at near-zero cost.
Reflections on KBW from @fakedev9999 👇
Want to dig deeper into our new integration with @Chainlink CCIP 2.0?
Read more below 👇
Interoperability used to mean choosing between insecure legacy bridges that have been exploited for $3.3B+ or over half a year of custom engineering work per chain.
CCIP 2.0 marks a new era as the only standard designed to meet the security, compliance, & speed requirements of the world's largest financial institutions.
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Succinct is now offering ZK verification to @Chainlink CCIP 2.0 users.
Don't miss the legendary @ronrothblum on the latest episode of @zeroknowledgefm!
🎙️This week, @AnnaRRose & @kobigurk chat with @ronrothblum, fr @SuccinctLabs. They cover his Fiat-Shamir attack on GKR, his PCS work, an update on Flock and — an open competition challenging AI agents to build a faster prover.
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Faster slots benefit Ethereum and flow straight through to SP1:
→ Faster settlement for @Base, @Optimism, and soon
@Arbitrum
→ Faster SP1 Helios light client updates for
@AcrossProtocol, @Agglayer, and soon ███
RTP becomes harder. But that's okay, we like a challenge 😉
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AI and ZK on the same page, errrr, device.
Shared infrastructure should come with proofs.
Espresso is proving block derivation with SP1. Every integrated chain can trustlessly verify that blocks came from Espresso's ordering.
Congrats to the Espresso team on getting this running end to end.
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ZK proofs for Espresso block derivation, built with @SuccinctLabs' SP1.
Once live, it'll let any Espresso-integrated chain trustlessly verify its blocks derive correctly from Espresso. Real-time finality and cryptographic verifiability aren’t a tradeoff.
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Prove [state transition functions]
Prove [identity]
Prove [asset reserves]
Prove [compliance / policy engines]
Prove [order matching]
Prove [media provenance]
Prove [AI authorizations]
Prove what's real ✨
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Succinct and @Offchain are bringing ZK settlement to Arbitrum, with mainnet blocks proven in SP1.
This partnership unlocks:
↳ Withdrawals to Ethereum in hours instead of days
↳ Protocol-level privacy for sensitive data
↳ A production path to ZK across every Arbitrum chain
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ZK Settlement is coming to Arbitrum
- This paves the way for private Arbitrum chains
- Allows for Faster @Ethereum withdrawals (from days to hours)
Thanks to @SuccinctLabs and @Offchain, Arbitrum chains will be able to implement this new technology soon
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Great work from the team at @fractalyze_io on constraint evaluation without an interpreter.
Contributions like this move proving forward for everyone!
(1 / 8)
Zerocheck is the biggest cost in SP1's GPU prover: ~67% of a shard. Its hot core is one kernel, evaluating AIR constraints.
Every zkVM interprets that kernel. We compiled it, with a real compiler.
2.34× faster, stage 191.5 → 135.3 ms.
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Proud that Flock is part of this milestone for Ethereum's future.
Until recently, proving standard hash functions was too slow for Ethereum blocks, so cryptographers instead built bespoke SNARK-friendly hashes. Flock — developed by @ronrothblum, @benediktbuenz, and @kleptographic — closes that gap, moving us closer to a future where proving is as fast as computing.
Our work with @eigenlabs and @yukonresearch on the autoresearch competition has crossed 1.8M BLAKE3/sec proven on an M3 Max.
This cutting-edge performance enables Ethereum to switch to hash functions that have withstood decades of scrutiny, a record their newer SNARK-friendly counterparts haven't had time to build.
We are entering a golden era of hash-based cryptography, just in time for the post-quantum transition.
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We opened Flock's prover to an open network of humans & AI through @YukonResearch, an autoresearch competition to drive performance to its frontier.
The best result pushed proving throughput 255% over baseline to 1.8M BLAKE3 compressions/sec.
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zk tech has come a long way over the years and especially sp1 by @SuccinctLabs which I am using in my prototype for the @MancerXYZ keeper network. this enables you to create price protection based on previous blocks without spending much in gas. the trade off is the cost to run a prover and time to generate proofs which isn’t actually that bad. especially at scale.
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We have relentlessly optimized SP1 to push the speed of proving up and the cost of proving down.
We'll keep going until proofs are cheap and fast enough that every chain, model, and agent is verified by default.
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It's been great working with @arbitrum on their zk prover design. All around, front to back, one of the best teams in crypto.
Adding ZK to @Arbitrum BoLD protocol was surprisingly simple.
How does it work?
Today, BoLD settlement works like this:
→ Proposers can make assertions (a claim about the chain's new state); when a new assertion comes in a challenge timer starts
→ No rival assertion within the challenge window? The assertion is confirmed
→ Rival posted? The challenge protocol kicks in
New multi-prover path (everything above still holds, plus):
→ A proposer can prove any unconfirmed assertion with a ZK proof + K-of-N attestations from the Fast Confirmation Committee
→ ZK proof verifies on the parent chain & enough attestations check out? The assertion settles early - no waiting out the challenge window
Why this beats a ZK-only design:
1. Multi-prover security: Fast confirmation needs two independent systems to agree: a ZK proof verified on the parent chain + attestations from committee nodes re-executing the chain. To fast-confirm a bad state, an attacker has to break both at once. TEE-run committee nodes are planned as a further hardening step.
2. Deterministic upper bound on settlement: If the prover stalls or has a bug, the chain simply falls back to optimistic settlement: slower, never halted, funds untouched. A ZK-only chain in the same spot may never settle without security council action.
3. Pay for proving only when you need it: Proving is optional per assertion: pure fraud-proof chains pay nothing, Hybrid ZK chains proves on demand to settle early or resolve disputes, and ZK Prove All chains prove everything for always-fast settlement. ZK-only stacks have one mode: prove every batch, forever.
@Offchain will bring a proposal to the DAO to upgrade Arbitrum One to ZK settlement, and other chains built with Arbitrum Platform will be able to upgrade at will.
Stay tuned for more 👀
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