We are releasing Duplex Cue today - a new evaluation dataset of in-turn adaptation behavior in full-duplex voice agents.
Full-duplex evaluation often emphasizes whether an agent keeps speaking or stops during speech overlaps. That binary cannot express a third response humans use routinely: continuing to speak while incorporating what the listener just contributed. A full-duplex agent can keep talking through the cue, incorporate it without stopping, or hand over the turn. A simple stop-or-continue score cannot tell those behaviors apart.
We introduce Duplex Cue, an evaluation of this in-turn adaptation behavior in full-duplex voice agents. Duplex Cue separates listener intent (backchannel, collaboration, or interruption) from speaker behavior: continuing unchanged, adapting within the turn, or yielding. Adaptation includes acknowledgment as well as content revision.
In a single-model case study using 300 human-confirmed cues from unscripted English conversations, we compare recorded human responses with
@nvidia 's PersonaPlex continuations generated while replaying the listener's audio. We retain 208 pairs with the ongoing speaker active at cue onset and a scorable response in each condition.
For backchannels, PersonaPlex and recorded speakers show similar response patterns. For interruptions, PersonaPlex yields more often and adapts less often than recorded speakers. On the 66 collaboration pairs, recorded speakers adapt in 68.2% of cases, compared with 34.8% for PersonaPlex. The model otherwise continues unchanged (42.4%) or yields (22.7%).
Natural human interaction is much more complicated than a simple stop-or-continue, and we are only scratching the surface of it!
Findings, paper, and public dataset can be found at